Cannot send emails to contacts or campaign

We’re on Mautic 6.0.2
We send emails via an SMTP relay. The test email is successfully sent via settings and the test email arrives in the test mailbox.

I have a test contact with the same email address. I go there, click the Send email button. From name and address default to the contact I’m sending the email to, so I change these to Mautic’s display name and email address. Draft a simple email then hit send. I get Internal Server error 500 message.

mautic.prod.log has this
[2025-07-17T03:29:54.836309+00:00] mautic.CRITICAL: Uncaught PHP Exception TypeError: “Mautic\CoreBundle\Helper\InputHelper::minifyHTML(): Argument #1 ($html) must be of type string, null given, called in /var/www/html/app/bundles/EmailBundle/Helper/MailHelper.php on line 1224” at /var/www/html/app/bundles/CoreBundle/Helper/InputHelper.php line 506 {“exception”:“[object] (TypeError(code: 0): Mautic\CoreBundle\Helper\InputHelper::minifyHTML(): Argument #1 ($html) must be of type string, null given, called in /var/www/html/app/bundles/EmailBundle/Helper/MailHelper.php on line 1224 at /var/www/html/app/bundles/CoreBundle/Helper/InputHelper.php:506)”} {“hostname”:“mautic”,“pid”:6865}

I close the popup window of the 500 error message. Instead of using my handwritten content, I select an email template to use, then send the email. I get a different error message
Failed to send to [email address]: Expected response code “250/251/252” but got code “550”, with message “550 5.7.1 Command rejected”.

This email address is the same that works fine when testing via System settings.
prod-[date].php log file has the same error message. No further details.

I don’t have access to the logs of the SMTP relay.

I then tried the following. Create a segment that targets this same, one single contact. I then created a campaign that sends a transactional email. This step uses the same email template as above. This email is not sent either. All I get is a small red exclamation mark in the campaign.

As the results contradict, I’m not sure where to next. I’d appreciate some help.

Cheers,
Zoltan